基于仿生倒立摆的低推重比推力测量方法
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1.天津大学精密测试技术与仪器国家重点实验室天津300072; 2.国科大杭州高等研究院杭州310024; 3.中国科学院大学北京100049; 4.兰州空间技术物理研究所兰州730000

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TH823

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国家重点研发计划(2021YFC2202702)项目资助


A bionic inverted pendulum-based method for low thrust-to-weight measurement
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1.State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; 2.Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China; 3.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; 4.Lanzhou Institute of Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China

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    摘要:

    膝关节作为人体关键的承重与运动枢纽,具备承载大和稳定性强的特点。该结构主要由股骨、韧带、胫骨及周围的肌肉肌腱组织构成。肌腱、韧带等组织构成多条力传递路径,在有效分散载荷的同时,将部分作用于胫骨的压应力转化为沿韧带轴向的张力,从而避免关节发生过载屈曲。受此生物力学结构的启发,设计了一种多连杆柔性仿生倒立摆。该结构主要由4个呈空间对称分布的C型柔性摆臂和载物台构成,可有效分散系统负载引入的重力载荷,避免局部应力集中。此外,C形摆臂的设计改变了力的传递路径,使得对转动关节的压应力转化为拉应力,显著提升了摆架的稳定性。建立了该摆架的稳定性模型,并通过动力学仿真分析了地面振动、质心偏移等因素对系统稳定性的影响。实验结果表明,该摆架在8 kg负载时的分辨力优于0.6 μN,量程为0.6~1 210 μN,背景噪声在0.1 mHz~5 Hz频段内优于1.42 μN/Hz1/2。搭载微霍尔推进器开展了推力测试,实验结果表明摆架能够稳定且准确地反映推力变化,测得的推力与推进剂流量和放电电压呈线性正相关。基于人体膝关节的仿生设计为重载条件下高精度微力测量装置的研发提供了新的思路。

    Abstract:

    As a key load-bearing and motion hub of the human body, the knee joint has features of high load capacity and strong stability. Structurally, it consists of the femur, ligaments, and tibia, with multiple ligaments connecting the femur and tibia to share vertical loads and convert part of the compressive stress on the tibia into tensile stress along the ligament direction, thereby preventing overload-induced buckling. Inspired by this biomechanical principle, this study proposes a multi-link bionic inverted pendulum, which consists of four symmetrically distributed C-shaped flexible arms and a rigid platform. This design disperses loads, mitigates stress concentration, and converts compressive stress on the pivot into tensile stress, significantly enhancing stability margins. A stability model is formulated, and the effects of disturbances, such as ground vibrations and centroid offset, are analyzed via simulation. Experimental results show that, under an 8 kg load, the system achieves a resolution better than 0.6 μN, a measurement range of 0.6~1 210 μN, and background noise below 1.42 μN/Hz1/2 in the 0.1 mHz~5 Hz band. Thrust measurements with a micro-Hall thruster show accurate response and a clear linear correlation among thrust, propellant flow, and discharge voltage. This knee-inspired bionic design offers a novel approach for developing high-precision micro-force measurement devices under heavy-load conditions.

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朱春源,卢世旭,丛麟骁,张宏,郑叶龙.基于仿生倒立摆的低推重比推力测量方法[J].仪器仪表学报,2025,46(7):160-170

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  • 在线发布日期: 2025-11-07
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